The International Court of Justice has released its advisory opinion on climate obligations, and it is already reshaping how scholars and policymakers understand global climate governance. For years, climate law was often described as fragmented because it is built on several treaties adopted at different moments. The Court’s opinion challenges that perception. It explains how the main treaties fit together, it narrows the freedom States claim when drafting their national climate plans, and it presents climate protection as a responsibility owed to everyone.
